The Parts of the Brain in Detail
The Prefrontal Cortex

The Prefrontal Cortex 

This is the front part of the brain. It is often called the “executive function”. Here we find social behavior, planning, and personality expression. We also can see the difference between good and bad, same or different, and link future consequences to present behaviors.

The prefrontal cortex can also determine if we can wait for a reward, feel guilt or remorse or interpret the reality of a situation (Lebedev et al., 2004).

As mentioned previously, the early study of the railroad supervisor, Phineas Gage, who in 1848 had a metal rod pierce his left cheek which went through his head, was a classic case study. Phineas lived through the ordeal and healed. He then had a normal memory and the ability to function well. However, his behavior changed dramatically.

This was attributed to the area of the prefrontal cortex injury. He would get into fights on a regular basis and behave “shockingly” per reports. Although he could tell the differences between right and wrong, he chose to go pick the easy and pleasurable way (Miller, 2001).     

The Prefrontal Cortex is linked with the limbic system. It is often considered the translator of emotions from the limbic system. When the prefrontal cortex is not working properly, it tends to minimize or maximize these translations.

One cannot reason, or think in a scientific, rational manner if the translations from the limbic system are misinformed (Damasio, 1994).  

Several studies over recent years have indicated that a reduction of links and interconnections of the prefrontal cortex with the limbic system is common in criminals, sociopath, schizophrenics and drug addicts.

The prefrontal cortex interprets reality for the limbic system. If this part of the brain is not working to the best of its ability, there will be a reduction in executive functioning, guilt, remorse, goal setting, prediction of outcomes, cognitive and social behaviors, etc. (Lebedev et al, 2004).



The Deep Limbic System Part of the Brain

Disclaimer: This website and its content is intended for trained licensed mental health professionals and school certified mental health professionals to use for their clients / students at their own discretion.

*If you ignore the disclaimer above are using these techniques on yourself and you feel any discomfort or upset it is highly suggested that you seek out a licensed  mental health professional immediately.

"Beyond Art Therapy" is the concept from Dr. Stangline that combines all creative fields in therapy. It is not the traditional "art therapy" but goes beyond to include sand tray therapy, play therapy, mindfulness, meditation, color therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and a vast majority of other therapies.

For any other type of mental health emergency call your local 911 / Police Number immediately.

Dr. Stangline does not offer advice / suggestions to anyone who is not a professional mental health provider, or a student who is studying this field and has questions about mental health programs of study.

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